As IoT technology continues to evolve, the increasing interconnectivity of diverse devices has raised serious concerns about malware propagation. This study aims to establish a theoretical foundation for understanding, predicting, and mitigating such threats. By employing both deterministic models based on differential equations and stochastic approaches, we analyze how infections spread and under what conditions they can be contained. Our goal is to contribute to future risk assessments and the design of effective countermeasures for complex network environments.