Modern Japan, which is facing a severe aging era, has various difficult problems concerning areas such as the care and treatment of the elderly and labor force population. This research details two ways, in order to explore how to develop science and technologies and address the above problems, (1) the process of development of science and technologies concerning care is verified through historical methods, and (2) the structure of science and technologies that have developed in modern Japan are captured and analyzed in association with society. In the study of (1), the history of the introduction of healthcare technologies and their development accompanied by the introduction of western medicine in modern Japan is researched and analyzed with historical methods. In the study of (2), the real facts of the development and diffusion of scientific technology policies for the development, diffusion and promotion of nursing care robots are further discussed through an investigation using literature and other materials, including interviews from concerned bodies and enterprises. Some of the research results were published in the “Journal of  humanistic gerontology”.